The Lumber Room Essay Example

The Lumber Room Essay The Lumber Room The text under analysis is entitled â€Å"The Lumber Room† and it is written by an outstanding British novelist and short story writer Hector Munro. Hector Hugh Munro, better known by the pen name Saki, was a British writer. In her Biography of Saki Munro’s sister writes: â€Å"One of Munro’s aunts, Augusta, was a woman of ungovernable temper, of fierce likes and dislikes, imperious, a moral coward, possessing no brains worth speaking of, and a primitive disposition. † Naturally the last person who should have been in charge of children. The character of the aunt in The Lumber-Room is Aunt Augusta to the life. Functional style is belles-lattes, in concrete it’s a short story. The title of the text serves as a means of focusing our attention on the most relevant scene, it is closely connected with the setting of the text and it helps to understand the theme of the text, which is the ironic description of relations between boy and his aunt and his visiting the lumber-room. Also the title of the text helps us to understand the main character, Nicolas, his romantic nature, bright and curious. We will write a custom essay sample on The Lumber Room specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Lumber Room specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Lumber Room specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The story presents extremely topical subjects. To my mind the author raises rather controversial, topical, burning problems. We can mentally divide the whole novel into two parts: child’s world and adult’s world. The author singles out that adulthood causes one to lose all sense of fun, imagination. Adults become obsessed with insignificant trivialities, like the Aunt which is obsessed about punishing and nitpicking on the children. The story tells about a little orphan Nicholas who was trusted to his tyrannical and dull-witted aunt. One day Nicholas was â€Å"in disgrace†, so he duped his Aunt into believing that he was somehow trying to get into the gooseberry garden, but instead had no intention of doing so but did sneak into the Lumber Room. There a tremendous picture of a hunter and a stag opened to him. Soon his aunt tried to look for the boy and slipped into the rain-water tank. She asked Nicholas to fetch her a ladder but the boy pretended not to understand her, he said that she was the Evil One. In The Lumber Room, Nicholas is the chief character. We first meet him when he is defying authority and playing tricks on his relatives (putting a frog in his bowl of bread and milk) and this is how he appears throughout the story. The whole Nicholas tests the limits of authority. He thinks that the older and wiser and better people represented by his self-styled aunt don’t believe there can be a frog in his bread and milk, but there is. The author imposes opinion that aunt’s punishments have no power over Nicholas’s lively, curious and imaginative nature. He makes her furious. Left at home while the other children are out enjoying themselves in adult-sanctioned ways, Nicholas discovers a world of pure freedom and joy in the lumber-room significantly, a place where adults seldom go and which they dont care about. He secures his afternoon of freedom by tricking the aunt, turning her nosiness and eagerness to punish against her. The story ends with Nicholas in disgrace as usual, but completely untroubled as he silently revels in his private, anarchic world of the imagination. There is an external conflict between people – adults and children, boy and aunt. The idea of the text is the importance of understanding in the family, love, support and respect. In this text we have close plot structure, and events are presented in chronological order, so we have straight line narrative presentation. The author is observer. The story is narrated in the 3rd person. This allows the reader to access the situation and the characters in an unbiased and objective manner. This is especially so because the characters are complex, having both positive and negative viewpoints. The third person point of view is impersonal which fits the impersonal atmosphere of the household. The author uses a large variety of stylistic devices, such as epithets, which can be divided into two categories: those, which are related to Child’s world: grim chuckle, alleged frog, unknown land, stale delight, mere material pleasure, bare and cheerless, thickly growing vegetation; and the one, which depicts a Grown-up’s world lacking any clear thinking: frivolous round, veriest nonsense, considerable obstinacy, trivial gardening operation, unauthorized intrusion. They help the author to emphasize a deep dissension between generations, to convey a thrilling power of child’s creative mind. There are a lot of metaphors in the story: a circus of unrivalled merit and uncounted elephants, the flawlessness of the reasoning, self-imposed sentry-duty art of fitting ke ys into keyholes and turning locks, region that was so carefully sealed from youthful eyes, many golden minutes of a ridiculously short range. With the help of these stylistic means the offer unfolds a theme in which stupidity, moral degradation, hypocrisy and ambition play their sorry parts. There are some similes in the text: Bobby won’t enjoy himself much, and he won’t race much either; the aunt-by-assertion; and some periphrases: the Evil One, the prisoner in the tank. The author also enriches the story with a device of rhetorical question: But did the huntsman see, what Nicholas saw, that four galloping wolves were coming in his direction through the wood? and hyperbole: How did she howl. There are also other devices, as repetitions: â€Å" he told you twice, but you weren’t listening. You often don’t listen when we tell you important things. † (catch repetition); â€Å"older and wiser and better people had told him that there could not possibly be a frog †¦. and marking of the alleged frog. † And epiphoras: â€Å"you said there couldn’t possibly be a frog in my bread-and-milk; there was a frog in my bread-and-milk†; In the text there one-member sentences: â€Å"why not? †; †Who’s calling? ; We should notice that in the text the author uses complex constructions with a lot of homogenous parts, compound complex sentences with homogenous modifiers of time. The style of writing is satirical in a humorous way. The author uses a witty tone to mimic characters in order to subtly criticize them. The author uses irony to poke fun and criticize the Aunt. For instance, trip to Jagborough which is meant to spite Nicholas fails. Instead of being a punishment for the child, it became a treat for him whereas it became a torture to those who went. To sum up, the author’s style is remarkable for its powerful sweep, brilliant illustrations and deep psychological analysis. The story reveals he author’s great knowledge of man’s inner world. He penetrates into the subtlest windings of the child heart. Giving the author his due for brilliance of style and a pointed ridicule of many social vices, such as snobbishness, pretence, self-interest. The author’s attitude towards grown-ups is a little bit cynical. It’s quite obvious that when describing the hard-heartedness and indifference of Adult’s world he is not indignant but rather amused. His habitual attitude is that of expecting little or nothing of his fellow men. His ironical cynicism combined with a keen wit and power observation affords him effective means of portraying reality without shrinking before its seamy side. The charm of this story lies in its interesting plot and exciting situation. At the same time it conveys deep thought, keen observation and sharpness of characterization. These very qualities assure the author of an outstanding place in the annals of literature and in the hearts of all who love good stories.

John Fitzgerald Kennedy essays

John Fitzgerald Kennedy essays Its June of 1961 and a wall has just started to be constructed to separate a nation. The United States needs to send a man to spread good will and build unity among Americas allies. Who is this man? Who could be such a diplomat? America sent their 35th President, John Fitzgerald Kennedy. Kennedy was a democrat, the first Roman Catholic to hold office, and the youngest President to date. He was educated at Harvard University and The London School of Economics. After graduation he decided to join the navy. As a veteran of World War II, Kennedy received the Purple Heart and the Navy and Marine Corps Medal. JFK began his political career in 1946 when he was elected into the House of Representatives. In 1956 he furthered his career by becoming the Senator of Massachusetts, defeating one of Eisenhowers close supporters. Only three years before had he gotten married to his socialite wife, Jacqueline Bouvier. Although his religion and age were considered major barriers to his presidency, Kennedy won seven primaries; making him the Democratic candidate. He was a supporter of the civil-rights legislation and a prominent internationalist. World War II had ended about twenty years prior and a defeated nation was rebuilding. Germanys growing dissatisfaction with their economic and political conditions pushed them to the breaking point. East Germany is under Soviet control and West Germany is becoming a democratic nation. To separate the poverty stricken West from the rebuilding East, the USSR decided to build a huge wall to keep them divided. Early in the morning of Sunday, August 13, 1961, under the leadership of Erich Honecker, East and West were separated by barbed wire and antitank obstacles. Streets were torn up and barricades of paving stones were erected. Tanks gathered at strategica ...

Accepted Accounting Principles related to Health Care Essay

Accepted Accounting Principles related to Health Care - Essay Example These rules were established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board. The first principle is the entity concept which is the group or organization such as a hospital, medical school, or nursing home. Inother words, it separates the business from its owners and treats it as an economic unit. Only assets, liabilities, and owner's equity related to the group or organization are on one financial statement. If there are sub entities, the financial records of these entities are maintained separately. The second principle is the going - concern concept which is a presumption that the group or organization will be running in the future and will not be liquidated in the next 12 months. It is a very concept in case of healthcare business because hospitals, nursing homes, etc. which do not intend to stay in business the net realizable value of the asset may be not ascertained and could be sold at a much higher price than they worth at the moment of sale. The third principle is the matching principle which is a combination of cash accounting and accrual accounting. The matching principle and cash accounting states that revenue or expenses are recognized only when the organization receives cash or pays cash. For example, medical equipments are recognized in the books of accounts only when the cash is paid out in entirety. The problem therefore is, all transactions that are not done on a cash basis and not done in the same accounting year are not recognized which gives a deceptive pictur e of what actually occurred a respective accounting year. On the other hand, when accrual accounting is done this gives the actual as to what occurred in that year. An example of this is if an organization provides care for a patient but does not receive reimbursement until the following year but the funds will be documented on the year the patient was cared for. The fourth principle is known as the historical cost principle and states that the cost of a resource is what the organization pays to receive the economic need. Historical cost does not reflect the current market valuation of the asset. Therefore the problem with the cost principle for example is if a hospital pays twenty dollars for I.V. tubing in the current accounting year and the following year that same tubing costs thirty dollars. This will not show a real account of the asset because of the variation in price. The fifth principle is called objective evidence. This principle states that evidence can be reported on fi nancial statements that are objective in nature and can be analyzed, measured, observed and verified. An example of this is the cost of an EKG machine but the problem is the amount that it is worth as an asset. Do you use what the organization paid for it, what it is worth, or how much you could sell it for if the hospital did not need it? All of these are subjective views and most accountants use the value of what an asset is at cost. Fair market value is what the GAAP prescribes in recognizing the value of the asset. Materiality is the sixth principle which states that an organization will have accounting errors but the error will not be to an amount that items that would affect the direct value of the organization depending on several factors such as size of the organization It tries to conform to the situation wherein the information that might have been omitted in the financial statements does not bear any influence on the economic decision of the users of these financial state me

American Creation by Joesph Ellis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

American Creation by Joesph Ellis - Essay Example Writing about great historical personalities without idolizing or condemning them had been his style. The book under review, American Creation, Which details events from 1775 to 1803, is thus another typical work by Joseph Ellis. American Creation is a critical revisit to the founding years of America. This country and its ideals were formulated by the bold and creative experiments in political ideals by a group of men highly dedicated and determined, in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. There were historical occasions when they triumphed, but there were tragedies too. Both triumphs and tragedies contributed to the shaping the United States. The book takes us through the first shots fired at Lexington to signing of the Declaration of Independence to the Louisiana Purchase. As the process of history unveils, some philosophies emerge, some alliances get shifted, and some personalities fade in who later are to become the iconic leaders of the nation ----Washington, Jefferson, Madison, Hamilton, and Adams. Ellis argues that the American Revolution, unlike the French Revolution, was more an evolution. The gradual and slow pace at which it happened makes it extra ordinary. In the prologue of the book Ell is makes this point clear thus: â€Å"In terms of creativity, the control of pace was almost as impressive as the control of space. The founders opted for an evolutionary rather than revolutionary version of political and social change, preferring to delay delivery of full promise of the American Revolution rather than risk implosion in the mode of French Revolution.† (American Creation—Prologue) .The American experiment in freedom and democracy was unique. America rejected monarchial system of the old world, and experimented with democracy and republicanism. This uniqueness was what President Abraham Lincoln expressed when he called America, â€Å"the last, best, hope of earth†. The two-party

Energy - What Next Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Energy - What Next - Essay Example Offshore wind firms are more complex, inclusive of turbines, platforms, grids, cables, substations, interconnection and related construction activities. Currently, construction activities have centered in many rejoins of the U.K, representing over 3300MW of the entire capacity (Jay, 2008). I support the construction of these offshore winds with long-term charters of numerous highly specialized construction vessels and facilities to put up with the increasing dimensions of contemporary support structures, wind turbines, and balance of plant. Offshore wind farms are vital in their contribution to energy supply If these firms are constructed, they will be a suitable technology to meat the growing electricity demand, in a clean and sustainable way. Such firms will have minimal environmental impacts if they are logically well located relative to the places of electricity need. Further, higher wind speeds will increase energy production, since energy production is a purpose of the cube of the wind speed. I expect that a significant part of the future widely spread wind energy usage in U.K will be from offshore sites. Huge offshore wind farms are already in the planning phase of construction in several countries and especially in Europe. Just like Hirts put it, financial payback or economic viability of the farms depend largely on the renewable obligation Certificates, as well as on favorable wind conditions as compared to the sites constructed on land, I argue that the higher energy outcome has to recompense the extra installation and continuance costs. In constructing these farms, particularly siting large projects, a reliable and efficient offshore wind prediction is crucial (Burton & Jenkins, 2011). Present estimates based partially on U.K experience indicate that offshore wind energy can cost less than six cents per KW. In addition, capital costs are about 30-50 percent higher than those onshore because of bigger machine sizes, transporting and installing costs a t the sea, particularly offset by high-energy productions. However, just like onshore, I expect these prices to drop as technology advances and managers get more experience. As the European Wind Energy Association (2012) affirms, most offshore farms will be sited on monopiles or constructed on gravity foundations, there will be concrete structures stabilized by water or sand to allow the turbine towers to fit in. Monopiles must be included in these installations. They are long steel pipes, which are stroked, vibrated or drilled into the seabed to security levels then towers and platforms are installed on top of them. They will have a technical difficulty in mounting turbines on floating constructions, and monopiles get more expensive as one progress deeper into the water. In my opinion, technology has been growing rapidly for the past years and I can predict that technical advancements may make suspended offshore wind farms to be economically realistic in the future. Offshore wind f arms are important in energy providence. I support the construction of these farms basing on several factors. The resource, which is wind energy indirectly from the sun is extremely large, the costs of energy, though originally higher than those of onshore are affordable than most renewable technologies, and the associated risks are low. Constructing wind turbines at sea will limit the restraints that can be

Tropical Death and Mid-Term Break | Analysis

Tropical Death and Mid-Term Break | Analysis Compare and contrast the presentation of death and grief in both poems In this essay I will be comparing and contrasting the presentation of death and grief in the two poems, ‘Tropical Death and ‘Mid-Term Break. Grace Nichols, the poet of ‘Tropical Death, was born in Guyana, 1950, and then migrated to England at the age of 27. In all of her writing, her own history and that of her country have clearly had a profound impact as she says, â€Å"I am a writer across two worlds; I just cant forget my Caribbean culture and past, so theres this contrast interaction between the two worlds: Britain and the Caribbean.† Seamus Heaney, the poet of ‘Mid Term Break, was born in Ireland in 1939 as the eldest of nine children. Many of his works concern his own family history as well and also seems to focus on characters in his own family: they can be read as elegies for those family members. The content of both the poems presents the themes of death and grief. Both poems deal with two poetic voices discussing and dealing with death. In â€Å"Tropical Death† she is planning the end of her life whereas in â€Å"Mid Term Break† he is dealing with the loss of his brother. In ‘Tropical Death, the content consists of a Caribbean â€Å"black woman† wanting â€Å"a brilliant tropical death†. Grace Nichols discusses going back to her home country because she is planning the end of her life and would like a dramatic, traditional death. I think this as she suggests so much of her own death that the reader presumes she has come to the end of her life. I, as a reader, find the poetic voice in the category of integrity. This is because she is feeling ready for her own death and is hence planning for it. We also know she wants a dramatic death because it says, â€Å"no quiet jerk tear wiping, a polite hearse withdrawal†, proving the woman wants an ‘over the top end to her life. The poetic voice wants a tragic death, as it also states â€Å"all the sleepless droning/ red-eyed wake nights†. This suggests vigil. In â€Å"Mid Term Break† the content consists of an account of a family tragedy. In the poem the poetic voice attends the funeral of his younger brother who, at the age of four, was run over. We know this because it says â€Å"my mother held my hand†, â€Å"met my father crying†, â€Å"they were ‘sorry for my trouble† and â€Å"I was the eldest†. All these quotes tell us, as the reader, what the family is going through. This makes us feel pathos for the poetic voice. The poetic voice is actually Heaneys own as this really did happen in his life. This make the peace feel more heart-felt and emotional because all these things Heaney talks about were real. The ideas the poets may have wanted us to think about presents the themes of death and grief. In ‘Tropical Death, an idea Nichols wanted us to think about was how she knows and has identified the way in which she would like to die. â€Å"Woman want†, she is portrayed as always wanting which shows pride, determination, self-radiance, independence and strength. She had thought so much about her death that she knows every detail, down to what dress she would like to wear, â€Å"blue sea dress/ to wrap her neat†. When I first read this I thought the poetic voice meant she wanted to drown, â€Å"dress† being the waves and â€Å"neat† meaning to take her life quickly and painlessly. Yet having re-read it, I realised the woman was actually just referring to her plans for her traditional Caribbean outfit in which she wanted to be buried in. In â€Å"Mid Term Break†, an idea Heaney wanted us to think about was the imagery used to express ideas of death . Heaney uses a metaphor to describe the only mark on the boys body, â€Å"poppy bruise†. This is also the only colour talked about in the piece which makes this one mark more intense. It says he had â€Å"no gaudy scars† because â€Å"the bumper knocked him clear† and having this one little bruise, although it was probably quite small, seems extremely vivid and sickening. The colour also contrasts with the boys skin, which is described by the poetic voice as â€Å"paler now†. This also emphasises the â€Å"poppy bruise† for us, as the reader, to imagine the mark to stand out quite spectacularly. Another image Heaney wants use to imagine is the four foot box, which is alliteration. This device emphasises the negative tone and harsh nature, making the thought of this coffin more believable and realistic. My favorite device Heaney uses is onomatopoeia; â€Å"whispers†, â€Å"coughed†, â€Å"sighs†. This helps create the effect th at we are actually there, hearing what the poetic voice is hearing. It makes the scene so much more real, again, like we are actually there- this emphasises the quite sadness. The mood and atmosphere of both poems present the themes of death and grief. In â€Å"Tropical Death† the mood is quite exotic and I, as a reader, could almost imagine a Caribbean woman saying these things. This was because it was written in a language that captures the Caribbean dialect, but I will go on to write more about this later on. Grace writes, â€Å"No quiet jerk tear wiping†. This is not ‘Standard English, emphasizing the Caribbean influence, and there is no punctuation throughout the piece. The mood is tropical, the writer talks about â€Å"heat† and â€Å"cool† and â€Å"shade† which suggests the temperature, making the reader feel as if we are there, in the Caribbean. The mood is also quite upbeat, with colourful words such as; â€Å"brilliant†, â€Å"blue sea dress† and â€Å"red eyed†. This vibrant text makes us think of the bright colours on the island. After â€Å"all the sleepless droning† the moo d softens, â€Å"her mothers sweet breast†, â€Å"cool bless†. These peaceful descriptions lower the tension levels to make the last couplet seem stronger. In â€Å"Mid Term Break† there is a noticeable change in atmosphere between stanza five and stanza six. In the first five stanzas the atmosphere is tense and cold as the â€Å"ambulance arrived† and the arrival of the corpse â€Å"stanched and bandaged†. The energy level of the poetic voice is low throughout these first five stanzas, like the poetic voice is tired and drowned from all that is going on. However, in the final few stanzas the atmosphere changes peaceful, â€Å"snowdrops†, â€Å"candles soothed†, â€Å"he lay†. These bring down the tension levels as we picture the calm, relaxed mood around the cot. Heaney uses pathos, â€Å"I met my father crying†. This emphasises the bleak tone of the poem, playing on the readers feelings. How the poems are written present the themes of death and grief. The poem â€Å"Tropical Death† has a refrain which is repeated at the start of every stanza (except for the fifth one). Having the same line every time we start a new paragraph of the poem helps us, as a reader, to be brought back to what the whole poem is about, as a constant reminder. This repetition is an eternal rhyme and its a connotation of death. It is also alliteration, a device Nichols uses throughout her poem. The refrain also stands out due to its stressed syllables, which are short and staccato vowel sounds. The ‘t and the ‘k letters make the beat hard and unappealing. Repetition is thought to originate from the call and response tradition of Africa; it could be a big part in her writing due to Grace Nichols background. The poem also hints at several lovely parts of death; â€Å"blue sea dress/ to wrap her neat†, â€Å"polite hearse†, â€Å"in the heart/ of her mothers sweet breast†, â€Å"in the shade/ of the sun leafs cool bless†, â€Å"in the bloom/ of her peoples bloodrest†. This tells me, as a reader, that â€Å"the fat black woman† awaits the end of her life with dignity, her head held high having fulfilled her planned life and is subsequently planning her own death for when it may arrive. The structure of â€Å"Tropical Death† is divided into five stanzas and one ending couplet. Stanza one, two, three and four all start with the line â€Å"the fat black woman want†. The fifth stanza doesnt start with this but then the couplet does, also the fourth and fifth stanzas are longer than the first, second and third. This could be to emphasise the final image more, by giving the reader a break from the refrain and also the length of the two stanzas before outline the short and snappiness of the ending couplet. This break is to not detract from the message and there is also no punctuation in the couplet, this is so the reader is left with a strong image. This image has been building up throughout the piece, â€Å"the fat black woman want/ a brilliant tropical death yes†. â€Å"Tropical Death† is written in a language that captures the Caribbean dialect. It uses some unfamiliar vocabulary, e.g. ‘hibiscus is a plant native to warm tropical regions; ‘blue sea dress is a traditional African dress. It creates as strong sense of the voice of the speaker. It clearly sets the poem in a culture other than that represented by ‘Standard English. By using a mixture of Standard English and a dialect form it emphasises a particular idea, in this poem the idea is of wanting to go back to her home country. This technique gives a sense of the dual ‘voice that the poet possesses. Nichols enjoys exploring these cultural differences: ‘I like working in both Standard English and Creole. I tend to want to fuse the two tongues because I come from a background where the tw o worlds were constantly interacting, though Creole was regarded, obviously, as the inferior of the colonial powers when I was growing up. In â€Å"Mid Term Break† the rhyme scheme is non-existent. I believe this is to make the tone of the piece more serious and grown up. It is written like an episode rather than a poem. This highlights the realist mood and atmosphere. The finishing couplet is more memorable as the middle is slower and bland. The rhyming couplet seems to sooth. Heaney writes, â€Å"No gaudy scars, the bumper knocked him clear/ A four foot box, a foot for every year†. This decreases the tension and affirms the ending of the peace. The dialect is Standard English, with punctuation. This helps us to imagine the poetic voice to live somewhere cold and unappealing because the language used is harsh and unwelcoming. How the poems are similar presents the themes of death and grief. Both poems finish with a punchy line, to leave the reader with an image to take with them. In â€Å"Tropical Death† this is the fact that the poetic voice wants to go back to her home country to die in a traditional way yet in â€Å"Mid Term Break† this is the fact that a boy has died young from a tragic accident. These final images conclude both poems strongly. Both poems have a similar layout, with regular stanzas and a final shorter stanza. Both poems overall talk about the same things, but â€Å"Tropical Death† discusses in a more up-beat, lively and natural sort of way- it is the natural order of life. Whereas, in Heaneys poem, it is written in a more dejected and sad kind of way. How the poems are different present the themes of death and grief. In Nichols poem she talks about the planning of her death whereas in Heaneys poem he talks about a boy who has died young- his life was cut tragically short, without any notice. Nichols is basically saying all that the boy in Heaneys poem had, she doesnt want. She says â€Å"not a cold sojourn/ in some North Europe far/forlorn†. That is exactly what the little boy in Heaneys poem got. Nichols says she doesnt want â€Å"a polite hearse† and yet thats what Heaneys poem has, â€Å"sorry for my trouble†, â€Å"whispers†. The â€Å"fat black woman† wants â€Å"some bawl†, â€Å"Sleepless droning† unlike the boy had in Heaneys poem, â€Å"coughed out tearless sighs†, â€Å"I was embarrassed†. All these things prove that everything Heaney describes in his poem is everything Nichols is saying she doesnt want; both poems sum up the cultural norms. Our culture is pr esented in Heaneys poem as cold, â€Å"snowdrops† with lots of secrecy, â€Å"whispers†, and this contrast greatly with Nichols culture which is described as lively and welcoming. The coldness and grayness hit us in Heaneys poem, â€Å"no gaudy scars† and white â€Å"snowdrops†. This is such a contrast from Nichols vivid and warm piece, â€Å"heat†, â€Å"tropical†. In â€Å"Mid Term Break† there is tension, â€Å"embarrassed†, there is forced politeness and secrecy. It is a hint that we dont have a welcoming culture, unlike Nichols culture, ours seems cold and behind doors, â€Å"a cold sojourn† as described in â€Å"Tropical Death†. In conclusion, these two poems present death and grief in two different ways- we hear the negativity of Heaneys traumatic experience, which completely contrasts with Nichols positive request to return to her homeland for her death.

Technologys Impact on Children With Communication Disorders Essay

Technology's Impact on Children With Communication Disorders â€Å"†¦If all of my possessions were taken from me with one exception, I would choose the power of communication, for by it I would regain all the rest. Daniel Webster† (Lloyd, Fuller, and Arvidson 1). Imagine that you were born one hundred years ago and as you grew, you never learned to talk, or at the very most, could only communicate in two or three word sentences. What would you do? How would you make your wishes known to those around you? Remember, this is one hundred years ago and you didn’t have computers or other augmentative devices to â€Å"talk† with. Perhaps you are able to use your hands to write, but often communication disorders are joined with other problems like Down syndrome, autism, or cerebral palsy, all of which make it more difficult to control your hands. Be thankful that you live in the twenty-first century, where computers can help communicate as well as teach children with these disorders how to survive within a communicating world. I will discuss the impact, effects, and Christian perspective of technology on communication disorders. Impact of technology on children with communication disorders A communication disorder is described as, â€Å"‘an impairment in the ability to receive, send, process, and comprehend concepts or verbal, nonverbal and graphic symbol systems [ASHA, 1993, p. 40]’† (Owens, Metz, and Haas 14). Several years ago, people with communication disorders could get therapy to learn how to talk if they were able, but there wasn’t much that could be done if it was physically impossible to say the speech sounds. This person would have to go through life trying to communicate by hand signals, writing, and maybe a few choice wo... ...Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co.; Baltimore, 1992. 175-202. Hjelmquist, Erland. â€Å"Form and Meaning in Alternative Language Development.† Augmentative and Alternative Communication. Whurr Publishers; London, 1999. 31-39. Lloyd, Lyle L.; Fuller, Donald R.; and Helen H. Arvidson. Augmentative and Alternative Communication. Allyn and Bacon; Boston, 1997. Nelson, Lauren I. And Julie J. Masterson. â€Å"Computer technology: Creative interfaces in service delivery. Topics in Lavguahe Disorders v19 n3, May 1999, 67-86. Owens, Robert E., jr.; Metz, Dale Evan; and Adelaide Haas. Introduction to Communication Disorders: A Life Span Perspective. Allyn and Bacon; Boston, 2000. Yorkston, Kathryn M.; Beukelman, David R.; Strand, Edythe A.; and Kathleen R. Bell. Management of Motor Speech Disorders in Children and Adults. Pro-Ed Publishers; Austin, Texas, 1999.

The Effect on the Cargo Molecules

The paper generally talks about the effect that the mutations have on the cargo molecules. The molecules are specifically those that contain proteins and are therefore referred to as the cargo proteins. The paper therefore looks into the nature of the effect on each of the cargo proteins and gives an analysis of the effect on the proteins which are apparently of the same class. .The paper also delves into the question of cargo selection which essentially involves an ER-derived vesicle and this culminated into the picking of Sec24p which has been found to be able to recognize the v-SNARE Bet1p. The research question that is being tested in the paper is the determination of the protein carriers that are well compatible and binds well with the Sec24p subunit. The hypothesis in this case is the fact that the compatible protein carriers were less affected by the mutations. The essential and the most vital experiment is that which involves the characterization mechanisms of the molecules of cargo recruitment through the Sec24p which is a subunit of the COPII coat. This usually involves the alanine scanning which is basically a mutagenesis approach towards the identification of the mutation characteristics of the Sec24p. This was regarded as pivotal since the data collected gave the suggestion gave multiple independent sites of recognition of cargo. The weakness of the experiment is on the fact that the control experiment consisted of the Sec24p that were sensitive to temperature. This is due to the fact that many of the Sec24p are responsive towards changes in temperature and therefore this isn't a foolproof method of determination of the needed types of the Sec24 which can be compatible to the cargo protein. If I was the one conducting the research then variables like temperature and the fact that some aspects which were compatible with the cargo proteins responded well to the changes in temperature would be done away with. These types of control experiments usually in most cases give the wrong picture and result altogether. The true experiment would therefore be more than that. This might involve the aspects as the solubility of the Sec 24 which was compatible with the protein cargo. This would be more sensible as this would be entirely truth with only a very slight margin for error as opposed to the initial case in which almost all the test subjects would react in an almost similar manner to the experiment and therefore leave a large gap for mistakes.

Early Life Theories - Panspermia Theory

Early Life Theories - Panspermia Theory The origin of life on Earth is still somewhat of a mystery. Many different theories have been proposed, and there is no known consensus on which one is correct. Although the Primordial Soup Theory was proven to be most likely incorrect, other theories are still considered, such as hydrothermal vents and the Panspermia Theory. Panspermia: Seeds Everywhere The word Panspermia comes from the Greek language and means seeds everywhere. The seeds, in this case, would not only be the building blocks of life, such as amino acids and monosaccharides, but also small extremophile organisms. The theory states that these seeds were dispersed everywhere from outer space and most likely came from meteor impacts. It has been proven through meteor remnants and craters on Earth that early Earth endured innumerable meteor strikes due to a lack of an atmosphere that could burn the up upon entry. Greek Philosopher Anaxagoras This theory was actually first mentioned by Greek Philosopher Anaxagoras around 500 BC. The next mention of the idea that life came from outer space wasnt until the late 1700s when Benoit de Maillet described the seeds being rained down to the oceans from the heavens. It wasnt until later in the 1800s when the theory really started to pick up steam. Several scientists, including Lord Kelvin, implied that life came to Earth on stones from another world which began life on Earth. In 1973, Leslie Orgel and Nobel prize winner Francis Crick published the idea of directed panspermia, meaning an advanced life form sent life to Earth to fulfill a purpose. The Theory is Still Supported Today The Panspermia Theory is still supported today by several influential scientists, such as Stephen Hawking. This theory of early life is one of the reasons Hawking urges more space exploration. It is also a point of interest for many organizations trying to contact intelligent life on other planets. While it may be hard to imagine these hitchhikers of life riding along at top speed through outer space, it is actually something that happens quite often. Most proponents of the Panspermia hypothesis actually believe the precursors to life were what was actually brought to the surface of the earth on the high-speed meteors that were constantly striking the infant planet. These precursors, or building blocks, of life, are organic molecules that could be used to make the first very primitive cells. Certain types of carbohydrates and lipids would have been necessary to form life. Amino acids and parts of nucleic acids would also be necessary for life to form.   Meteors that fall to the earth today are always analyzed for these sorts of organic molecules as a clue to how the Panspermia hypothesis may have worked. Amino acids are common on these meteors that make it through todays atmosphere. Since amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, if they originally came to Earth on meteors, they could then congregate in the oceans to make simple proteins and enzymes that would be instrumental in putting together the first, very primitive, prokaryotic cells.

C.H. Sission essays

C.H. Sission essays -in 1993 was made a Companion of Honour for services to literature -Carcanet published all his poems, translations and prose writings -abandoned the writing of poetry at age of twenty -started again eight or nine years later on battleship off of Freetown -born on October 9, 1940 in Liverpool England -Winston Lennon was raised by mother, Julia, and Aunt Mimi -July 15, 1958 John's mother was killed in car accident/ affected John emotionally -alcohol and music became big part of his life -in late 1960 started the group The Beatles -in May 1968 John got married to Yoko Ono -in February 1972, FBI believed that John was only staying in country to upset the Republican National Convention -upset government more when he talked about peace and for an end to the Vietnam War -October 9, 1975 Yoko gives birth to son, Sean Taro Ono Lennon -December 8, 1980 John was shot and killed after coming out of his recording studio -James Paul McCartney was born on June 18, 1942 in Liverpool England -raised and educated at The Liverpool Institute -since 1990 Paul has traveled over 800,000 miles in concert through 22 countries -they set Guinness world record for largest stadium crowd of 184,000 in Rio de Janeiro -recently appointed Fellow of the Royal College of Music, the UK's highest musical award -relaxes by painting, sailing and songwriting -Paul and his wife Linda have been married for 28 years ...

Measures That Can Be Taken By Organization to Avoid Compulsory Essay

Measures That Can Be Taken By Organization to Avoid Compulsory Redundancy - Essay Example (Francis, 2001) At first, it is necessary to prepare a plan, reflecting strategy of carrying out redundancy, and the reasons for this measure. This plan is to be detailed and accurate and it should provide unity of managers' actions. Redundancy should not be selective or optional; it should be based on many objective factors, like skills or experience. Clear and objective criteria of selection demonstrate that the process is clear and all the employees have equal rights and position. (Burr, 1991) It is necessary to remember that such factor as past productivity of each employee is not objective. It may be regarded as beneficial for the company, but the result will be based upon appraisal of past performance that might have been carried out incorrectly throughout the company. (Ogden, 2004) It is known that the case of redundancy is one of the most painful events that may be experienced by the worker. Redundancy announcement inevitably affects his moral condition, work-related behavior, productivity and individual motivation. It is known Popular methods applied to avoid redundancy It is known that compulsory redundancy is one of possible measures taken in case business faces various problems. Of course, the company should observe and consider all measures that could resolve these problems, that could change business concept and that all causes of competitiveness loss were examined. "Failing to address workforce issues and driving the company into bankruptcy thus losing all jobs does not make sense". (Benyon, p. 14) There are some strategies that are regarded as the alternatives to compulsory redundancy. The specialists provide for the following list of these strategies: Natural wastage is non-hiring new workers in case old employees retire or leave the company, thus, reducing the number of employees. It can be effective where reductions are required across the entire workforce and over a prolonged period. Drawbacks include, the most able leave, attracting new talent causes resentment and turnover continues after achieving the desired workforce level. Stopping overtime - can be effective if it has become part of normal working practice. Drawbacks include, the differing impact on workforce groups and the subsequent difficulty in getting exceptional work requirements met. Early retirement measures - offer early retirement to volunteers. Drawbacks include the loss of some of the most experienced staff. Terminating temporary contracts - can be relatively quick to implement . Drawbacks can include insecurity for some workers, loss of supplier confidence and contractual penalties. Retraining or redeployment - this should always be explored in depth. It is more cost effective than compensation, recruitment and induction costs." Internal recruitment Recruitment freeze (Edwards, p. 50) Internal recruitment Internal recruitment is described as the situation "when a business recruits one of their current employees for another job within the business. For example, a person working on the cash desk of a shop might

Applications of laser technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Applications of laser technology - Essay Example This device has undergone centuries of modifications and up gradations to receive its current state. The term laser is actually an acronym, meaning (L) Light (A) Amplification by (S) Stimulated (E) Emission of (R) Radiation. It is a device which emits light with certain properties that makes it so important for various processes. It stimulates light, which is part of the natural electromagnetic spectrum. The light emitted by a laser device has certain properties which differentiates it from normal light emissions. The light emitted by a laser is monochromatic, that is its wavelength is extremely pure and coherent as well. The light waves emitted by the device are all in a single phase and diverge to a negligible extent. When the beam is focused on a particular point, it exceeds the brightness of the sun thus allowing it to be applicable in several significant procedures. It has taken several procedures and advancements for laser devices to reach their current status. The first actual laser was developed by a well renowned scientist Theodor Maiman who worked at the Hughes Research Laboratory. The first laser he developed was only a level 3 laser developed by a Ruby rod silvered at both ends. However, the working principles had already been derived by Albert Einstein centuries ago with the help of Plank’s laws of radiation. The working principles had been further upgraded by scientists such as Charles H. Townes who had developed a predecessor of Lasers, known as Masers which were developed by Microwaves (Galvana, 2002, p.286). With the development of lasers through time, it has been updated into several hundreds of forms. The various significant types of lasers mainly include diode-pumped solid-state (DPSS) lasers, helium neon lasers, air cooled ion lasers, and semi-conductor diode lasers etc. have gained particular significance in recent years of scientific development. The application of these lasers is the biggest aspect to be considered. Medical Applic ations of Lasers Due to further development of science and the adjustment of lasers according to the requirement of the procedure, scientists have put lasers in use of many vital medical processes. Due to its precise, pure and accurate nature surgeries have become even further accurate and authentic. There are several procedures that include lasers as the most vital part of the entire process. The application of laser in medical processes has provided a special breakthrough in the field of optics. LASIK is an extremely important procedure that has been developed for the correction of a person’s cornea in order to cure his eye sight. LASIK stands for Laser in Situ Keratomileusis and has become one of the most renowned processes in modern times. This medical procedure basically consists of three steps. Firstly, the measurement of the cornea is noted which will be extremely important in reshaping the cornea via laser. Then the patient is sedated and his eye lids are held still w ith the help of a scalpel. Then with the help of the laser, which has a high pulse to pulse stability and intensity, the cornea is changed back to its stable shape. Recent advancements have been made which reduces the chance of any error due to eye movement by the reduction of the time required for the procedure (Thyagarajan and Ghatak, 2010, p.471). The use of lasers has also proved extremely vital in case of